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Prevention of Progression in Diabetic Nephropathy

In Brief

Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause for end-stage renal disease and for patients entering into chronic dialysis care. It occurs in 25–40% of patients with diabetes. Risk factors include hyperglycemia, hypertension, genetic predisposition, glomerular hyperfiltration, proteinuria, the renal renin-angiotensin system, advanced glycation end-products, and possibly reduced nephron number and lipid disorders. Prevention of diabetic nephropathy is crucial. Tight control of diabetes, blood pressure treatment to systolic pressure of < 130 mmHg, reduction of proteinuria, and treatment with drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system are all associated with prevention of or delay in progression of diabetic kidney injury.

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