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Commonalities in Effective Behavioral Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Review of Reviews

The first 300 words of the full text of this article appear below.

	Introduction

 
A major public health trend of the 1990s was to focus on health status and health-related quality of life outcomes.^1,2 Work in the field of diabetes treatment and research during this time provided examples of this focus,³ and much research has benefited, both directly and indirectly, from many of these earlier studies.^4–6 It is in the spirit of this focus on health status and quality of life, along with these earlier studies, that many current efforts to examine, understand, and refine interventions aimed at promoting physical and psychological health outcomes are conducted. Pediatric diabetes is no exception, with at least three comprehensive reports being published since 2000 on the effectiveness of behaviorally oriented interventions to optimize health outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.^7–9

Hampson et al.⁷ conducted a meta-analysis to determine which behavioral interventions were effective in promoting psychosocial, metabolic, self-management, and diabetes knowledge outcomes. Their statistically rigorous approach highlighted certain treatments, particularly those with a theoretical foundation, that offered greater promise in terms of psychological and physiological outcomes.^10–12 Further, they were able to provide a quantitative examination of the public health impact of these interventions through use of the RE-AIM framework.¹³ However, their overarching conclusion about behavioral interventions for adolescents with type 1 diabetes was that they offered small to medium beneficial effects across these outcomes.

Northam et al.⁸ provided a comprehensive review of the literature on behavioral interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes across psychological and metabolic outcomes. They noted that most interventions contained some aspect of psycho-educational or cognitive-behavioral techniques ultimately aimed at promoting behavior change related to diabetes management. However, most used nonstandardized, study-specific interventions that involved multiple components, making it difficult to draw conclusions across studies.

Finally, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis⁹ aimed at identifying the effectiveness of . . . [Full Text of this Article]

	Optimizing Diabetes Management in Children and Adolescents

 

	Effective Treatment Components

 

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